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[PATCH v6 3/5] arm/sysctl: Implement cpu hotplug ops


  • To: "xen-devel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx" <xen-devel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
  • From: Mykyta Poturai <Mykyta_Poturai@xxxxxxxx>
  • Date: Thu, 12 Mar 2026 09:39:30 +0000
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  • Cc: Mykyta Poturai <Mykyta_Poturai@xxxxxxxx>, Stefano Stabellini <sstabellini@xxxxxxxxxx>, Julien Grall <julien@xxxxxxx>, Bertrand Marquis <bertrand.marquis@xxxxxxx>, Michal Orzel <michal.orzel@xxxxxxx>, Volodymyr Babchuk <Volodymyr_Babchuk@xxxxxxxx>, Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@xxxxxxxxxx>, Anthony PERARD <anthony.perard@xxxxxxxxxx>, Jan Beulich <jbeulich@xxxxxxxx>, Roger Pau Monné <roger.pau@xxxxxxxxxx>, Timothy Pearson <tpearson@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>, Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@xxxxxxx>, Connor Davis <connojdavis@xxxxxxxxx>, Oleksii Kurochko <oleksii.kurochko@xxxxxxxxx>, "Daniel P. Smith" <dpsmith@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
  • Delivery-date: Thu, 12 Mar 2026 09:39:40 +0000
  • List-id: Xen developer discussion <xen-devel.lists.xenproject.org>
  • Thread-index: AQHcsgQgazJGD0vsMEiWnzOogqs2jA==
  • Thread-topic: [PATCH v6 3/5] arm/sysctl: Implement cpu hotplug ops

Move XEN_SYSCTL_CPU_HOTPLUG_{ONLINE,OFFLINE} handlers to common code to
allow for enabling/disabling CPU cores in runtime on Arm64.

SMT-disable enforcement check is moved into a separate
architecture-specific function.

For now this operations only support Arm64. For proper Arm32 support,
there needs to be a mechanism to free per-cpu page tables, allocated in
init_domheap_mappings.  Also, hotplug is not supported if ITS, FFA, or
TEE is enabled, as they use non-static IRQ actions.

Create a Kconfig option CPU_HOTPLUG that reflects this
constraints. On X86 the option is enabled unconditionally.

As cpu hotplug now has its own config option, switch flask to allow
XEN_SYSCTL_cpu_hotplug depending on CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG, so it can work
not only on x86.

Signed-off-by: Mykyta Poturai <mykyta_poturai@xxxxxxxx>

---

v5->v6:
* fix style issues
* rename arch_smt_cpu_disable -> arch_cpu_can_stay_online and invert the
  logic
* use IS_ENABLED istead of ifdef
* remove explicit list af arch-specific SYSCTL_CPU_HOTPLUG_* options
  from the common handler
* fix flask issue

v4->v5:
* move handling to common code
* rename config to CPU_HOTPUG
* merge with "smp: Move cpu_up/down helpers to common code"

v3->v4:
* don't reimplement cpu_up/down helpers
* add Kconfig option
* fixup formatting

v2->v3:
* no changes

v1->v2:
* remove SMT ops
* remove cpu == 0 checks
* add XSM hooks
* only implement for 64bit Arm
---
 xen/arch/arm/smp.c                |  9 ++++++
 xen/arch/ppc/stubs.c              |  4 +++
 xen/arch/riscv/stubs.c            |  5 ++++
 xen/arch/x86/include/asm/smp.h    |  3 --
 xen/arch/x86/platform_hypercall.c | 12 ++++++++
 xen/arch/x86/smp.c                | 33 ++--------------------
 xen/arch/x86/sysctl.c             | 21 ++++++++------
 xen/common/Kconfig                |  6 ++++
 xen/common/smp.c                  | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 xen/common/sysctl.c               | 46 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 xen/include/xen/smp.h             |  4 +++
 xen/xsm/flask/hooks.c             |  2 +-
 12 files changed, 137 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-)

diff --git a/xen/arch/arm/smp.c b/xen/arch/arm/smp.c
index b372472188..984f863a9a 100644
--- a/xen/arch/arm/smp.c
+++ b/xen/arch/arm/smp.c
@@ -44,6 +44,15 @@ void smp_send_call_function_mask(const cpumask_t *mask)
     }
 }
 
+/*
+ * We currently don't support SMT on ARM so we don't need any special logic for
+ * CPU disabling
+ */
+bool arch_cpu_can_stay_online(unsigned int cpu)
+{
+    return true;
+}
+
 /*
  * Local variables:
  * mode: C
diff --git a/xen/arch/ppc/stubs.c b/xen/arch/ppc/stubs.c
index a333f06119..8f280ba080 100644
--- a/xen/arch/ppc/stubs.c
+++ b/xen/arch/ppc/stubs.c
@@ -101,6 +101,10 @@ void smp_send_call_function_mask(const cpumask_t *mask)
     BUG_ON("unimplemented");
 }
 
+bool arch_cpu_can_stay_online(unsigned int cpu)
+{
+    BUG_ON("unimplemented");
+}
 /* irq.c */
 
 void irq_ack_none(struct irq_desc *desc)
diff --git a/xen/arch/riscv/stubs.c b/xen/arch/riscv/stubs.c
index daadff0138..7c3cda7bc5 100644
--- a/xen/arch/riscv/stubs.c
+++ b/xen/arch/riscv/stubs.c
@@ -70,6 +70,11 @@ void smp_send_call_function_mask(const cpumask_t *mask)
     BUG_ON("unimplemented");
 }
 
+bool arch_cpu_can_stay_online(unsigned int cpu)
+{
+    BUG_ON("unimplemented");
+}
+
 /* irq.c */
 
 void irq_ack_none(struct irq_desc *desc)
diff --git a/xen/arch/x86/include/asm/smp.h b/xen/arch/x86/include/asm/smp.h
index 3f16e62696..cb3e0fed19 100644
--- a/xen/arch/x86/include/asm/smp.h
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/include/asm/smp.h
@@ -50,9 +50,6 @@ int cpu_add(uint32_t apic_id, uint32_t acpi_id, uint32_t pxm);
 
 void __stop_this_cpu(void);
 
-long cf_check cpu_up_helper(void *data);
-long cf_check cpu_down_helper(void *data);
-
 long cf_check core_parking_helper(void *data);
 bool core_parking_remove(unsigned int cpu);
 uint32_t get_cur_idle_nums(void);
diff --git a/xen/arch/x86/platform_hypercall.c 
b/xen/arch/x86/platform_hypercall.c
index cd4f0ae5e5..e745151790 100644
--- a/xen/arch/x86/platform_hypercall.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/platform_hypercall.c
@@ -735,6 +735,12 @@ ret_t do_platform_op(
     {
         int cpu = op->u.cpu_ol.cpuid;
 
+        if ( !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG) )
+        {
+            ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+            break;
+        }
+
         ret = xsm_resource_plug_core(XSM_HOOK);
         if ( ret )
             break;
@@ -761,6 +767,12 @@ ret_t do_platform_op(
     {
         int cpu = op->u.cpu_ol.cpuid;
 
+        if ( !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG) )
+        {
+            ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+            break;
+        }
+
         ret = xsm_resource_unplug_core(XSM_HOOK);
         if ( ret )
             break;
diff --git a/xen/arch/x86/smp.c b/xen/arch/x86/smp.c
index 7936294f5f..b781e933f2 100644
--- a/xen/arch/x86/smp.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/smp.c
@@ -418,35 +418,8 @@ void cf_check call_function_interrupt(void)
     smp_call_function_interrupt();
 }
 
-long cf_check cpu_up_helper(void *data)
+bool arch_cpu_can_stay_online(unsigned int cpu)
 {
-    unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)data;
-    int ret = cpu_up(cpu);
-
-    /* Have one more go on EBUSY. */
-    if ( ret == -EBUSY )
-        ret = cpu_up(cpu);
-
-    if ( !ret && !opt_smt &&
-         cpu_data[cpu].compute_unit_id == INVALID_CUID &&
-         cpumask_weight(per_cpu(cpu_sibling_mask, cpu)) > 1 )
-    {
-        ret = cpu_down_helper(data);
-        if ( ret )
-            printk("Could not re-offline CPU%u (%d)\n", cpu, ret);
-        else
-            ret = -EPERM;
-    }
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
-long cf_check cpu_down_helper(void *data)
-{
-    int cpu = (unsigned long)data;
-    int ret = cpu_down(cpu);
-    /* Have one more go on EBUSY. */
-    if ( ret == -EBUSY )
-        ret = cpu_down(cpu);
-    return ret;
+    return opt_smt || cpu_data[cpu].compute_unit_id != INVALID_CUID ||
+           cpumask_weight(per_cpu(cpu_sibling_mask, cpu)) <= 1;
 }
diff --git a/xen/arch/x86/sysctl.c b/xen/arch/x86/sysctl.c
index 1b04947516..35239b73c1 100644
--- a/xen/arch/x86/sysctl.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/sysctl.c
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ static void cf_check l3_cache_get(void *arg)
 
 static long cf_check smt_up_down_helper(void *data)
 {
+    #ifdef CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG
     bool up = (bool)data;
     unsigned int cpu, sibling_mask = boot_cpu_data.x86_num_siblings - 1;
     int ret = 0;
@@ -89,6 +90,8 @@ static long cf_check smt_up_down_helper(void *data)
                up ? "enabled" : "disabled", CPUMASK_PR(&cpu_online_map));
 
     return ret;
+    #endif /* CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG */
+    return 0;
 }
 
 void arch_do_physinfo(struct xen_sysctl_physinfo *pi)
@@ -115,24 +118,24 @@ long arch_do_sysctl(
 
     case XEN_SYSCTL_cpu_hotplug:
     {
-        unsigned int cpu = sysctl->u.cpu_hotplug.cpu;
         unsigned int op  = sysctl->u.cpu_hotplug.op;
         bool plug;
         long (*fn)(void *data);
         void *hcpu;
 
-        switch ( op )
+        if ( !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG) )
         {
-        case XEN_SYSCTL_CPU_HOTPLUG_ONLINE:
-            plug = true;
-            fn = cpu_up_helper;
-            hcpu = _p(cpu);
+            ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
             break;
+        }
 
+        switch ( op )
+        {
+        case XEN_SYSCTL_CPU_HOTPLUG_ONLINE:
         case XEN_SYSCTL_CPU_HOTPLUG_OFFLINE:
-            plug = false;
-            fn = cpu_down_helper;
-            hcpu = _p(cpu);
+            /* Handled by common code */
+            ASSERT_UNREACHABLE();
+            ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
             break;
 
         case XEN_SYSCTL_CPU_HOTPLUG_SMT_ENABLE:
diff --git a/xen/common/Kconfig b/xen/common/Kconfig
index d7e79e752a..bb73990355 100644
--- a/xen/common/Kconfig
+++ b/xen/common/Kconfig
@@ -637,6 +637,12 @@ config SYSTEM_SUSPEND
 
          If unsure, say N.
 
+config CPU_HOTPLUG
+       bool "Enable CPU hotplug"
+       depends on (X86 || ARM_64) && !FFA && !TEE && !HAS_ITS
+       default y
+
+
 menu "Supported hypercall interfaces"
        visible if EXPERT
 
diff --git a/xen/common/smp.c b/xen/common/smp.c
index a011f541f1..e2bf82856e 100644
--- a/xen/common/smp.c
+++ b/xen/common/smp.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  */
 
+#include <xen/cpu.h>
 #include <asm/hardirq.h>
 #include <asm/processor.h>
 #include <xen/spinlock.h>
@@ -104,6 +105,40 @@ void smp_call_function_interrupt(void)
     irq_exit();
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG
+long cf_check cpu_up_helper(void *data)
+{
+    unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)data;
+    int ret = cpu_up(cpu);
+
+    /* Have one more go on EBUSY. */
+    if ( ret == -EBUSY )
+        ret = cpu_up(cpu);
+
+    if ( !ret && !arch_cpu_can_stay_online(cpu) )
+    {
+        ret = cpu_down_helper(data);
+        if ( ret )
+            printk("Could not re-offline CPU%u (%d)\n", cpu, ret);
+        else
+            ret = -EPERM;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+long cf_check cpu_down_helper(void *data)
+{
+    unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)data;
+    int ret = cpu_down(cpu);
+
+    /* Have one more go on EBUSY. */
+    if ( ret == -EBUSY )
+        ret = cpu_down(cpu);
+    return ret;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG */
+
 /*
  * Local variables:
  * mode: C
diff --git a/xen/common/sysctl.c b/xen/common/sysctl.c
index 5207664252..51a3dd699a 100644
--- a/xen/common/sysctl.c
+++ b/xen/common/sysctl.c
@@ -483,6 +483,52 @@ long do_sysctl(XEN_GUEST_HANDLE_PARAM(xen_sysctl_t) 
u_sysctl)
             copyback = 1;
         break;
 
+    case XEN_SYSCTL_cpu_hotplug:
+    {
+        unsigned int cpu = op->u.cpu_hotplug.cpu;
+        unsigned int hp_op = op->u.cpu_hotplug.op;
+        bool plug;
+        long (*fn)(void *data);
+        void *hcpu;
+
+        ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+        if ( !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG) )
+            break;
+
+        switch ( hp_op )
+        {
+        case XEN_SYSCTL_CPU_HOTPLUG_ONLINE:
+            plug = true;
+            fn = cpu_up_helper;
+            hcpu = _p(cpu);
+            break;
+
+        case XEN_SYSCTL_CPU_HOTPLUG_OFFLINE:
+            plug = false;
+            fn = cpu_down_helper;
+            hcpu = _p(cpu);
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            fn = NULL;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if ( fn )
+        {
+            ret = plug ? xsm_resource_plug_core(XSM_HOOK)
+                       : xsm_resource_unplug_core(XSM_HOOK);
+
+            if ( !ret )
+                ret = continue_hypercall_on_cpu(0, fn, hcpu);
+
+            break;
+        }
+
+        /* Use the arch handler for cases not handled here */
+        fallthrough;
+    }
+
     default:
         ret = arch_do_sysctl(op, u_sysctl);
         copyback = 0;
diff --git a/xen/include/xen/smp.h b/xen/include/xen/smp.h
index 2ca9ff1bfc..04530738c9 100644
--- a/xen/include/xen/smp.h
+++ b/xen/include/xen/smp.h
@@ -76,4 +76,8 @@ extern void *stack_base[NR_CPUS];
 void initialize_cpu_data(unsigned int cpu);
 int setup_cpu_root_pgt(unsigned int cpu);
 
+bool arch_cpu_can_stay_online(unsigned int cpu);
+long cf_check cpu_up_helper(void *data);
+long cf_check cpu_down_helper(void *data);
+
 #endif /* __XEN_SMP_H__ */
diff --git a/xen/xsm/flask/hooks.c b/xen/xsm/flask/hooks.c
index b250b27065..36d357cae8 100644
--- a/xen/xsm/flask/hooks.c
+++ b/xen/xsm/flask/hooks.c
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ static int cf_check flask_sysctl(int cmd)
     case XEN_SYSCTL_getdomaininfolist:
     case XEN_SYSCTL_page_offline_op:
     case XEN_SYSCTL_scheduler_op:
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86
+#ifdef CONFIG_CPU_HOTPLUG
     case XEN_SYSCTL_cpu_hotplug:
 #endif
         return 0;
-- 
2.51.2



 


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