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Re: [Xen-devel] [PATCH v4 1/2] libxl: Introduce functions to add and remove USB devices to an HVM guest



On 16/04/13 19:00, Roger Pau Monne wrote:
On 11/04/13 20:51, George Dunlap wrote:
This patch exposes a generic interface which can be expanded in the
future to implement USB for PVUSB, qemu, and stubdoms.  It can also be
extended to include other types of USB other than host USB (for example,
tablets, mice, or keyboards).

For each device removed or added, one of two protocols is available:
* PVUSB
* qemu (DEVICEMODEL)

The caller can additionally specify "AUTO", in which case the library will
try to determine the best protocol automatically.

At the moment, the only protocol implemented is DEVICEMODEL, and the only
device type impelmented is HOSTDEV.

This uses the qmp functionality, and is thus only available for
qemu-xen, not qemu-traditional.

Signed-off-by: George Dunlap <george.dunlap@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Ian Jackson <ian.jackson@xxxxxxxxxx>
CC: Roger Pau Monne <roger.pau@xxxxxxxxxx>
CC: sstanisi@xxxxxxxxx
I'm not familiar with the QMP interface, so I just commented the general
libxl parts of the patch.

Thanks -- this will be helpful.


---
  tools/libxl/Makefile           |    2 +-
  tools/libxl/libxl.h            |   35 +++
  tools/libxl/libxl_create.c     |   12 +-
  tools/libxl/libxl_internal.h   |   18 ++
  tools/libxl/libxl_qmp.c        |   66 +++++
  tools/libxl/libxl_types.idl    |   22 ++
  tools/libxl/libxl_usb.c        |  531 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  tools/ocaml/libs/xl/genwrap.py |    1 +
  8 files changed, 685 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 tools/libxl/libxl_usb.c

diff --git a/tools/libxl/Makefile b/tools/libxl/Makefile
index 2984051..866960a 100644
--- a/tools/libxl/Makefile
+++ b/tools/libxl/Makefile
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ LIBXL_OBJS = flexarray.o libxl.o libxl_create.o libxl_dm.o 
libxl_pci.o \
                         libxl_internal.o libxl_utils.o libxl_uuid.o \
                         libxl_json.o libxl_aoutils.o libxl_numa.o \
                         libxl_save_callout.o _libxl_save_msgs_callout.o \
-                       libxl_qmp.o libxl_event.o libxl_fork.o $(LIBXL_OBJS-y)
+                       libxl_qmp.o libxl_event.o libxl_fork.o libxl_usb.o 
$(LIBXL_OBJS-y)
  LIBXL_OBJS += _libxl_types.o libxl_flask.o _libxl_types_internal.o

  $(LIBXL_OBJS): CFLAGS += $(CFLAGS_LIBXL) -include $(XEN_ROOT)/tools/config.h
diff --git a/tools/libxl/libxl.h b/tools/libxl/libxl.h
index d18d22c..2c60cc2 100644
--- a/tools/libxl/libxl.h
+++ b/tools/libxl/libxl.h
@@ -75,6 +75,11 @@
  #define LIBXL_HAVE_FIRMWARE_PASSTHROUGH 1

  /*
+ * FIXME: Update comment
+ */
+#define LIBXL_HAVE_USB 1
+
+/*
   * libxl ABI compatibility
   *
   * The only guarantee which libxl makes regarding ABI compatibility
@@ -735,6 +740,36 @@ int libxl_cdrom_insert(libxl_ctx *ctx, uint32_t domid, 
libxl_device_disk *disk,
                         const libxl_asyncop_how *ao_how)
                         LIBXL_EXTERNAL_CALLERS_ONLY;

+/*
+ * USB
+ *
+ * For each device removed or added, one of three protocols is available:
+ * - PVUSB
+ * - qemu (DEVICEMODEL)
+ *
+ * The caller can additionally specify "AUTO", in which case the library will
+ * try to determine the best protocol automatically.
+ *
+ * At the moment, the only protocol implemented is DEVICEMODEL, and the only
+ * device type impelmented is HOSTDEV.
+ *
+ * This uses the qmp functionality, and is thus only available for
+ * qemu-xen, not qemu-traditional.
+ *
+ */
+#define LIBXL_DEVICE_USB_BACKEND_DEFAULT (-1)
+int libxl_device_usb_add(libxl_ctx *ctx, uint32_t domid,
+                         libxl_device_usb *dev,
+                         const libxl_asyncop_how *ao_how)
+                         LIBXL_EXTERNAL_CALLERS_ONLY;
+int libxl_device_usb_remove(libxl_ctx *ctx, uint32_t domid,
+                            libxl_device_usb *dev,
+                            const libxl_asyncop_how *ao_how)
+                            LIBXL_EXTERNAL_CALLERS_ONLY;
+libxl_device_usb *libxl_device_usb_list(libxl_ctx *ctx, uint32_t domid,
+                                        int *num)
+                          LIBXL_EXTERNAL_CALLERS_ONLY;
+
  /* Network Interfaces */
  int libxl_device_nic_add(libxl_ctx *ctx, uint32_t domid, libxl_device_nic 
*nic,
                           const libxl_asyncop_how *ao_how)
diff --git a/tools/libxl/libxl_create.c b/tools/libxl/libxl_create.c
index 30a4507..c620d6d 100644
--- a/tools/libxl/libxl_create.c
+++ b/tools/libxl/libxl_create.c
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ int libxl__domain_make(libxl__gc *gc, 
libxl_domain_create_info *info,
      libxl_ctx *ctx = libxl__gc_owner(gc);
      int flags, ret, rc, nb_vm;
      char *uuid_string;
-    char *dom_path, *vm_path, *libxl_path;
+    char *dom_path, *vm_path, *libxl_path, *libxl_usb_path;
      struct xs_permissions roperm[2];
      struct xs_permissions rwperm[1];
      struct xs_permissions noperm[1];
@@ -452,6 +452,13 @@ int libxl__domain_make(libxl__gc *gc, 
libxl_domain_create_info *info,
          goto out;
      }

+    libxl_usb_path = libxl__sprintf(gc, "%s/usb", libxl_path);
I would recommend to use GCSPRINTF instead, it already checks for errors
and allows for smaller lines (altought you don't have to split the line
here)

I'm not a fan of ugly macros, but sure I can do that. :-)


+    if (!libxl_usb_path) {
+        LIBXL__LOG(ctx, LIBXL__LOG_ERROR, "cannot allocate create paths");
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
      noperm[0].id = 0;
      noperm[0].perms = XS_PERM_NONE;

@@ -475,6 +482,9 @@ retry_transaction:
      xs_rm(ctx->xsh, t, libxl_path);
      libxl__xs_mkdir(gc, t, libxl_path, noperm, ARRAY_SIZE(noperm));

+    xs_rm(ctx->xsh, t, libxl_usb_path);
You are missing the error check, there's also a helper for xs_rm,
libxl__xs_rm_checked.

I'm just following suit with what all the other xs_rm's do here. I think it's actually expected that there will *not* be such a path, but that it's just cleaning up to be sure.


+    libxl__xs_mkdir(gc, t, libxl_usb_path, noperm, ARRAY_SIZE(noperm));
Error checking

+
      xs_write(ctx->xsh, t, libxl__sprintf(gc, "%s/vm", dom_path), vm_path, 
strlen(vm_path));
      rc = libxl__domain_rename(gc, *domid, 0, info->name, t);
      if (rc)
diff --git a/tools/libxl/libxl_internal.h b/tools/libxl/libxl_internal.h
index 3ba3a21..d2e00fa 100644
--- a/tools/libxl/libxl_internal.h
+++ b/tools/libxl/libxl_internal.h
@@ -1412,6 +1412,24 @@ _hidden int libxl__qmp_save(libxl__gc *gc, int domid, 
const char *filename);
  /* Set dirty bitmap logging status */
  _hidden int libxl__qmp_set_global_dirty_log(libxl__gc *gc, int domid, bool 
enable);
  _hidden int libxl__qmp_insert_cdrom(libxl__gc *gc, int domid, const 
libxl_device_disk *disk);
+/* Same as normal, but "translated" */
+typedef struct libxl__device_usb {
+    libxl_usb_protocol protocol;
+    libxl_domid target_domid;
+    libxl_domid backend_domid;
+    libxl_domid dm_domid;
+    libxl_device_usb_type type;
+    union {
+        struct {
+            int hostbus;
+            int hostaddr;
+        } hostdev;
+    } u;
+} libxl__device_usb;
+_hidden int libxl__qmp_usb_add(libxl__gc *gc, int domid,
+                               libxl__device_usb *dev);
+_hidden int libxl__qmp_usb_remove(libxl__gc *gc, int domid,
+                                  libxl__device_usb *dev);
  /* close and free the QMP handler */
  _hidden void libxl__qmp_close(libxl__qmp_handler *qmp);
  /* remove the socket file, if the file has already been removed,
diff --git a/tools/libxl/libxl_qmp.c b/tools/libxl/libxl_qmp.c
index 644d2c0..ae55695 100644
--- a/tools/libxl/libxl_qmp.c
+++ b/tools/libxl/libxl_qmp.c
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@

  #define QMP_RECEIVE_BUFFER_SIZE 4096
  #define PCI_PT_QDEV_ID "pci-pt-%02x_%02x.%01x"
+#define HOST_USB_QDEV_ID "usb-hostdev-%04x.%04x"

  typedef int (*qmp_callback_t)(libxl__qmp_handler *qmp,
                                const libxl__json_object *tree,
@@ -929,6 +930,71 @@ int libxl__qmp_insert_cdrom(libxl__gc *gc, int domid,
      }
  }

+static int libxl__qmp_usb_hostdev_add(libxl__gc *gc, int domid,
+                                   libxl__device_usb *dev)
+{
+    libxl__json_object *args = NULL;
+    char *id;
+
+    id = libxl__sprintf(NOGC, HOST_USB_QDEV_ID,
+                        (uint16_t) dev->u.hostdev.hostbus,
+                        (uint16_t) dev->u.hostdev.hostaddr);
Are you sure you need to use NOGC here? id is only used to generate the
"args" string, which in turn is using the GC.

Ah no, good catch. Originally 'id' was passed back in the libxl_device_usb structure, and cleaned up with the ..._destroy() function. That no longer being the case, we definitely need to GC it.


+
+    qmp_parameters_add_string(gc, &args, "driver", "usb-host");
+    QMP_PARAMETERS_SPRINTF(&args, "hostbus", "0x%x", dev->u.hostdev.hostbus);
+    QMP_PARAMETERS_SPRINTF(&args, "hostaddr", "0x%x", dev->u.hostdev.hostaddr);
+
+    qmp_parameters_add_string(gc, &args, "id", id);
+
+    return qmp_run_command(gc, domid, "device_add", args, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+int libxl__qmp_usb_add(libxl__gc *gc, int domid,
+                            libxl__device_usb *usbdev)
+{
+    int rc;
+    switch(usbdev->type) {
+    case LIBXL_DEVICE_USB_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
+        rc = libxl__qmp_usb_hostdev_add(gc, domid, usbdev);
+        break;
+    default:
+        return ERROR_INVAL;
+    }
+    return rc;
+}
+
+
+static int libxl__qmp_usb_hostdev_remove(libxl__gc *gc, int domid,
+                               libxl__device_usb *dev)
+{
+    libxl__json_object *args = NULL;
+    char *id;
+
+    id = libxl__sprintf(NOGC, HOST_USB_QDEV_ID,
+                        (uint16_t) dev->u.hostdev.hostbus,
+                        (uint16_t) dev->u.hostdev.hostaddr);
The same here, I think you can safely use the GC (GCSPRINTF).

+
+    qmp_parameters_add_string(gc, &args, "id", id);
+
+    return qmp_run_command(gc, domid, "device_del", args, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+int libxl__qmp_usb_remove(libxl__gc *gc, int domid,
+                          libxl__device_usb *usbdev)
+{
+    int rc;
+    switch(usbdev->type) {
+    case LIBXL_DEVICE_USB_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
+        rc = libxl__qmp_usb_hostdev_remove(gc, domid, usbdev);
+        break;
+    default:
+        return ERROR_INVAL;
+    }
+    return rc;
+}
+
+
+
  int libxl__qmp_initializations(libxl__gc *gc, uint32_t domid,
                                 const libxl_domain_config *guest_config)
  {
diff --git a/tools/libxl/libxl_types.idl b/tools/libxl/libxl_types.idl
index 6cb6de6..9e0a435 100644
--- a/tools/libxl/libxl_types.idl
+++ b/tools/libxl/libxl_types.idl
@@ -407,6 +407,28 @@ libxl_device_vtpm = Struct("device_vtpm", [
      ("uuid",             libxl_uuid),
  ])

+libxl_device_usb_protocol = Enumeration("usb_protocol", [
+    (0, "AUTO"),
+    (1, "PV"),
+    (2, "DEVICEMODEL"),
+    ])
+
+libxl_device_usb_type = Enumeration("device_usb_type", [
+    (1, "HOSTDEV"),
+    ])
+
+libxl_device_usb = Struct("device_usb", [
+        ("protocol", libxl_device_usb_protocol,
+         {'init_val': 'LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_AUTO'}),
+        ("backend_domid", libxl_domid,
+         {'init_val': 'LIBXL_DEVICE_USB_BACKEND_DEFAULT'}),
+        ("u", KeyedUnion(None, libxl_device_usb_type, "type",
+                         [("hostdev", Struct(None, [
+                                ("hostbus",   integer),
+                                ("hostaddr",  integer) ]))
+                          ]))
+    ])
+
  libxl_domain_config = Struct("domain_config", [
      ("c_info", libxl_domain_create_info),
      ("b_info", libxl_domain_build_info),
diff --git a/tools/libxl/libxl_usb.c b/tools/libxl/libxl_usb.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50e1571
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/libxl/libxl_usb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,531 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2009      Citrix Ltd.
+ * Author Vincent Hanquez <vincent.hanquez@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
+ * Author Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
+ * by the Free Software Foundation; version 2.1 only. with the special
+ * exception on linking described in file LICENSE.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ */
+
+#include "libxl_osdeps.h" /* must come before any other headers */
+
+#include "libxl_internal.h"
+
+/*
+ * /libxl/<domid>/usb/<devid>/{type, protocol, backend, [typeinfo]}
+ */
+#define USB_INFO_PATH "%s/usb"
+#define USB_HOSTDEV_ID "hostdev-%04x-%04x"
+
+/*
+ * Just use plain numbers for now.  Replace these with strings at some point.
+ */
+#define protocol_to_str(gc, t) libxl__sprintf((gc), "%d", (t))
+#define str_to_protocol(s) atoi((s))
+#define type_to_str(gc, t) libxl__sprintf((gc), "%d", (t))
GCSPRINTF, although this macros are so simple that you might also
replace them entirely with GCSPRINTF (altough it might make the code
harder to understand).

I might do that -- my original plan had actually been to actually print "pv" for LIBXL_DEVICE_USB_BACKEND_PV, "dm" for _DEVICEMODEL, and so on. Doing all the extra parsing was more work than I wanted to try to get done for the code freeze, but I left the functions so I could easily replaced them later.

Anyway, we'll see.


+#define str_to_typeprotocol(s) atoi((s))
+
+static char * hostdev_xs_path(libxl__gc *gc, uint32_t domid,
+                                    libxl__device_usb *usbdev)
+{
+    return libxl__sprintf(gc, USB_INFO_PATH "/%s",
+                   libxl__xs_libxl_path(gc, domid),
+                   libxl__sprintf(gc, USB_HOSTDEV_ID,
+                                  (uint16_t)usbdev->u.hostdev.hostbus,
+                                  (uint16_t)usbdev->u.hostdev.hostaddr));
I will stop repeating every time I see libxl__sprintf to replace it with
GCSPRINTF.

+}
+
+static void hostdev_xs_append_params(libxl__gc *gc, libxl__device_usb *usbdev,
+                                  flexarray_t *a)
+{
+    flexarray_append_pair(a, "hostbus",
+                          libxl__sprintf(gc, "%d",
+                                         usbdev->u.hostdev.hostbus));
+    flexarray_append_pair(a, "hostaddr",
+                          libxl__sprintf(gc, "%d",
+                                         usbdev->u.hostdev.hostaddr));
+}
+
+static int read_hostdev_xenstore_entry(libxl__gc *gc, const char * path,
+                                       libxl__device_usb *usbdev)
+{
+    int rc = 0;
+    char * val;
+
+    val = libxl__xs_read(gc, XBT_NULL,
+                         libxl__sprintf(gc, "%s/hostbus", path));
libxl__xs_read_checked will also print an error message if the read fails.

Sounds good


+    if(!val) {
+        LOG(ERROR, "Internal error (missing hostbus)");
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+    usbdev->u.hostdev.hostbus = atoi(val);
+
+    val = libxl__xs_read(gc, XBT_NULL,
+                         libxl__sprintf(gc, "%s/hostaddr", path));
Same

+    if(!val) {
+        LOG(ERROR, "Internal error (missing hostaddr)");
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+    usbdev->u.hostdev.hostaddr = atoi(val);
+
+out:
+    return rc;
+}
+
+static int usb_read_xenstore(libxl__gc *gc, const char * path,
+                                           libxl__device_usb *usbdev)
+{
+    char *val;
+    int rc = 0;
+
+    val = libxl__xs_read(gc, XBT_NULL,
+                         libxl__sprintf(gc, "%s/protocol", path));
+    if(!val) {
+        LOG(ERROR, "Internal error (missing protocol)");
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+    usbdev->protocol = atoi(val);
+
+    val = libxl__xs_read(gc, XBT_NULL,
+                         libxl__sprintf(gc, "%s/backend_domid", path));
+    if(!val) {
+        LOG(ERROR, "Internal error (missing backend_domid)");
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+    usbdev->backend_domid = atoi(val);
+
+    val = libxl__xs_read(gc, XBT_NULL, libxl__sprintf(gc, "%s/type", path));
+    if(!val) {
+        LOG(ERROR, "Internal error (missing type)");
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+    usbdev->type = atoi(val);
+
+    switch(usbdev->type) {
+    case LIBXL_DEVICE_USB_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
+        if ((rc = read_hostdev_xenstore_entry(gc, path, usbdev)) < 0)
+            goto out;
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR, "Internal error (unimplemented type)");
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+out:
+    return rc;
+}
+
+static int usb_add_xenstore(libxl__gc *gc, uint32_t domid,
+                            libxl__device_usb *usbdev)
+{
+    libxl_ctx *ctx = libxl__gc_owner(gc);
+    flexarray_t *dev;
+    char *dev_path;
+    xs_transaction_t t;
+    struct xs_permissions noperm[1];
+
+    noperm[0].id = 0;
+    noperm[0].perms = XS_PERM_NONE;
+
+    dev = flexarray_make(gc, 16, 1);
+
+    flexarray_append_pair(dev, "protocol",
+                          libxl__sprintf(gc, "%d", usbdev->protocol));
+
+    flexarray_append_pair(dev, "backend_domid",
+                          libxl__sprintf(gc, "%d", usbdev->backend_domid));
+
+    flexarray_append_pair(dev, "type",
+                          libxl__sprintf(gc, "%d", usbdev->type));
+
+    switch(usbdev->type) {
+    case LIBXL_DEVICE_USB_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
+        dev_path = hostdev_xs_path(gc, domid, usbdev);
+        hostdev_xs_append_params(gc, usbdev, dev);
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR, "Invalid device type: %d", usbdev->type);
+        return ERROR_FAIL;
+    }
+
+    LIBXL__LOG(ctx, LIBXL__LOG_DEBUG, "Adding new usb device to xenstore");
+
+retry_transaction:
+    t = xs_transaction_start(ctx->xsh);
+    libxl__xs_mkdir(gc, t, dev_path, noperm, ARRAY_SIZE(noperm));
Error checking

+    libxl__xs_writev(gc, t, dev_path,
+                    libxl__xs_kvs_of_flexarray(gc, dev, dev->count));
+    if (!xs_transaction_end(ctx->xsh, t, 0))
+        if (errno == EAGAIN)
+            goto retry_transaction;
Ian Jackson (if I remember correctly) added some helpers for
transactions, that make the logic a little bit easier (take a look at
libxl__device_destroy for example in libxl_device.c):

for (;;) {
     rc = libxl__xs_transaction_start(gc, &t);
     if (rc) goto out;

     /* Do stuff */

     rc = libxl__xs_transaction_commit(gc, &t);
     if (!rc) break;
     if (rc < 0) goto out;
}

out:
libxl__xs_transaction_abort(gc, &t);

+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int usb_remove_xenstore(libxl__gc *gc, uint32_t domid,
+                               libxl__device_usb *usbdev)
+{
+    libxl_ctx *ctx = libxl__gc_owner(gc);
+    char *dev_path;
+
+    LIBXL__LOG(ctx, LIBXL__LOG_DEBUG, "Removing device from xenstore");
+
+    switch(usbdev->type) {
+    case LIBXL_DEVICE_USB_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
+        dev_path = hostdev_xs_path(gc, domid, usbdev);
+        break;
+    default:
+        LOG(ERROR, "Invalid device type: %d", usbdev->type);
+        return ERROR_FAIL;
+    }
+
+    xs_rm(ctx->xsh, XBT_NULL, dev_path);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_assigned_devices(libxl__gc *gc, uint32_t domid,
+                                libxl__device_usb **list, int *num)
+{
+    char **devlist, *dompath;
+    unsigned int nd = 0;
+    int i, rc = 0;
+
+    *list = NULL;
+    *num = 0;
+
+    dompath = libxl__sprintf(gc, USB_INFO_PATH,
+                             libxl__xs_libxl_path(gc, domid));
+
+    devlist = libxl__xs_directory(gc, XBT_NULL, dompath, &nd);
+    if ( !devlist )
+        goto out;
+
+    *list = calloc(nd, sizeof(libxl__device_usb));
libxl__calloc

...which adds it to the GC automatically, I take it?  Ack.


+
+    for(i = 0; i < nd; i++) {
+        char *path;
+
+        path = libxl__sprintf(gc, "%s/%s", dompath, devlist[i]);
+        if ( usb_read_xenstore(gc, path, (*list) + i) ) {
+            rc = ERROR_INVAL;
+            free(*list);
+            *list = NULL;
+            *num = 0;
+            goto out;
+        }
+    }
+
+    *num = nd;
+
+    libxl__ptr_add(gc, *list);
+
+out:
+    return rc;
+}
+
+static int is_usbdev_type_hostdev_equal(libxl__device_usb *a,
+                                        libxl__device_usb *b)
+{
+    if ( !memcmp(&a->u.hostdev, &b->u.hostdev, sizeof(a->u.hostdev) ) )
+        return 1;
+    else
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int is_usbdev_in_array(libxl__device_usb *assigned, int num_assigned,
+                              libxl__device_usb *dev)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    /* Devices are the same if:
+     * - They have the same backend_domid
+     * - They are of the same type
+     * - Their types match
+     * In theory, someone could try to pass the same device through
+     * via both PVUSB and qemu; not comparing protocol will prevent that.
+     */
+    for(i = 0; i < num_assigned; i++) {
+        if( assigned[i].type != dev->type
+            || assigned[i].backend_domid != dev->backend_domid )
No spaces between "(" and the condition.

+            continue;
+
+        switch(dev->type) {
+        case LIBXL_DEVICE_USB_TYPE_HOSTDEV:
+            if (!is_usbdev_type_hostdev_equal(dev, assigned+i))
+                continue;
+        }
+
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void usbdev_ext_to_int(libxl__device_usb *dev_int,
+                              libxl_device_usb *dev_ext)
+{
+    dev_int->protocol = dev_ext->protocol;
+
+    if (dev_ext->backend_domid == LIBXL_DEVICE_USB_BACKEND_DEFAULT)
+        dev_int->backend_domid = 0;
+    else
+        dev_int->backend_domid = dev_ext->backend_domid;
+
+    dev_int->type = dev_ext->type;
+    memcpy(&dev_int->u, &dev_ext->u, sizeof(dev_ext->u));
+}
+
+static void usbdev_int_to_ext(libxl_device_usb *dev_ext,
+                              libxl__device_usb *dev_int)
+{
+    dev_ext->protocol = dev_int->protocol;
+
+    dev_ext->backend_domid = dev_int->backend_domid;
+
+    dev_ext->type = dev_int->type;
+    memcpy(&dev_ext->u, &dev_int->u, sizeof(dev_ext->u));
+}
+
+/*
+ * USB add
+ */
+static int do_usb_add(libxl__gc *gc, uint32_t domid,
+                      libxl__device_usb *usbdev)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+    switch (usbdev->protocol) {
+    case LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_DEVICEMODEL:
+        switch (libxl__device_model_version_running(gc, domid)) {
+        case LIBXL_DEVICE_MODEL_VERSION_QEMU_XEN_TRADITIONAL:
+            LOG(ERROR, "usb-add not yet implemented for qemu-traditional");
+            return ERROR_INVAL;
+        case LIBXL_DEVICE_MODEL_VERSION_QEMU_XEN:
+            if ( (rc = libxl__qmp_usb_add(gc, domid, usbdev)) < 0 )
+                goto out;
+            break;
+        default:
+            return ERROR_INVAL;
+        }
+        break;
+    default:
+        return ERROR_FAIL;
+    }
+
+    rc = usb_add_xenstore(gc, domid, usbdev);
+out:
+    return rc;
+}
+
+
+
+static int libxl__device_usb_add(libxl__gc *gc, uint32_t domid,
+                                 libxl_device_usb *dev_ext)
+{
+    libxl_ctx *ctx = libxl__gc_owner(gc);
+    libxl__device_usb *assigned, _usbdev, *usbdev;
+    int rc = ERROR_FAIL, num_assigned;
+    libxl_domain_type domtype = libxl__domain_type(gc, domid);
+
+    /* Interpret incoming */
+    usbdev = &_usbdev;
+
+    usbdev->target_domid = domid;
+    usbdev->dm_domid = libxl_get_stubdom_id(ctx, domid);
+
+    usbdev_ext_to_int(usbdev, dev_ext);
+
+    if ( usbdev->protocol == LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_AUTO ) {
+        if ( domtype == LIBXL_DOMAIN_TYPE_PV ) {
+            usbdev->protocol = LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_PV;
+        } else if (domtype == LIBXL_DOMAIN_TYPE_HVM) {
+            /* FIXME: See if we can detect PV frontend */
+            usbdev->protocol = LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_DEVICEMODEL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Check to make sure we're doing something that's impemented */
+    if ( usbdev->protocol != LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_DEVICEMODEL ) {
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        LOG(ERROR, "Protocol not implemented");
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    if ( usbdev->dm_domid != 0 ) {
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        LOG(ERROR, "Stubdoms not yet supported");
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    /* Double-check to make sure it's not already assigned */
+    rc = get_assigned_devices(gc, domid, &assigned, &num_assigned);
+    if ( rc ) {
+        LOG(ERROR, "cannot determine if device is assigned, refusing to 
continue");
+        goto out;
+    }
+    if ( is_usbdev_in_array(assigned, num_assigned, usbdev) ) {
+        LOG(ERROR, "USB device already attached to a domain");
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    /* Do the add */
+    if ( do_usb_add(gc, domid, usbdev) )
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
Spaces between "(" and conditions in this function.

+
+out:
+    return rc;
+}
+
+int libxl_device_usb_add(libxl_ctx *ctx, uint32_t domid,
+                         libxl_device_usb *usbdev,
+                         const libxl_asyncop_how *ao_how)
+{
+    AO_CREATE(ctx, domid, ao_how);
+    int rc;
+    rc = libxl__device_usb_add(gc, domid, usbdev);
+    libxl__ao_complete(egc, ao, rc);
+    return AO_INPROGRESS;
+}
+
+/*
+ * USB remove
+ */
+static int do_usb_remove(libxl__gc *gc, uint32_t domid,
+                         libxl__device_usb *usbdev)
+{
+    int rc;
+
+    switch (usbdev->protocol) {
+    case LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_DEVICEMODEL:
+        switch (libxl__device_model_version_running(gc, domid)) {
+        case LIBXL_DEVICE_MODEL_VERSION_QEMU_XEN_TRADITIONAL:
+            LOG(ERROR, "usb-remove not yet implemented for qemu-traditional");
+            return ERROR_INVAL;
+        case LIBXL_DEVICE_MODEL_VERSION_QEMU_XEN:
+            if ( (rc = libxl__qmp_usb_remove(gc, domid, usbdev)) < 0 )
Spaces

How important are the spaces? Most of the time I think it makes it easier to read, in this case particularly so.


+                goto out;
+            break;
+        default:
+            return ERROR_INVAL;
+        }
+        break;
+    default:
+        return ERROR_FAIL;
+    }
+
+    rc = usb_remove_xenstore(gc, domid, usbdev);
+out:
+    return rc;
+}
+static int libxl__device_usb_remove(libxl__gc *gc, uint32_t domid,
+                                    libxl_device_usb *dev_ext)
+{
+    libxl_ctx *ctx = libxl__gc_owner(gc);
+    libxl__device_usb *assigned, _usbdev, *usbdev;
+    int rc = ERROR_FAIL, num_assigned;
+    libxl_domain_type domtype = libxl__domain_type(gc, domid);
+
+    /* Interpret incoming */
+    usbdev = &_usbdev;
+
+    usbdev->target_domid = domid;
+    usbdev->dm_domid = libxl_get_stubdom_id(ctx, domid);
+
+    usbdev_ext_to_int(usbdev, dev_ext);
+
+    if ( usbdev->protocol == LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_AUTO ) {
+        if ( domtype == LIBXL_DOMAIN_TYPE_PV ) {
+            usbdev->protocol = LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_PV;
+        } else if (domtype == LIBXL_DOMAIN_TYPE_HVM) {
+            /* FIXME: See if we can detect PV frontend */
+            usbdev->protocol = LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_DEVICEMODEL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Check to make sure we're doing something that's impemented */
+    if ( usbdev->protocol != LIBXL_USB_PROTOCOL_DEVICEMODEL ) {
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        LOG(ERROR, "Protocol not implemented");
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    if ( usbdev->dm_domid != 0 ) {
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        LOG(ERROR, "Stubdoms not yet supported");
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    /* Double-check to make sure it's not already assigned */
+    rc = get_assigned_devices(gc, domid, &assigned, &num_assigned);
+    if ( rc ) {
+        LOG(ERROR, "cannot determine if device is assigned, refusing to 
continue");
+        goto out;
+    }
+    if ( !is_usbdev_in_array(assigned, num_assigned, usbdev) ) {
+        LOG(ERROR, "USB device doesn't seem to be attached to the domain");
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    /* Do the remove */
+    if ( do_usb_remove(gc, domid, usbdev) )
+        rc = ERROR_FAIL;
+
Again spaces in almost the whole function

+out:
+    return rc;
+}
+
+int libxl_device_usb_remove(libxl_ctx *ctx, uint32_t domid,
+                            libxl_device_usb *usbdev,
+                            const libxl_asyncop_how *ao_how)
+{
+    AO_CREATE(ctx, domid, ao_how);
+    int rc;
+    rc = libxl__device_usb_remove(gc, domid, usbdev);
+    libxl__ao_complete(egc, ao, rc);
+    return AO_INPROGRESS;
+}
+
+
+libxl_device_usb *libxl_device_usb_list(libxl_ctx *ctx,
+                                        uint32_t domid, int *num)
+{
+    GC_INIT(ctx);
+    libxl__device_usb *devint;
+    libxl_device_usb *devext = NULL;
+    int n = 0, i, rc;
+
+    rc = get_assigned_devices(gc, domid, &devint, &n);
+    if ( rc ) {
+        LOG(ERROR, "Could not get assigned devices");
+        goto out;
+    }
+
+    if(n == 0)
+        goto out;
+
+    devext = calloc(n, sizeof(libxl_device_usb));
libxl__calloc, also you seem to leak this allocation, which will be
solved by the use of libxl__calloc.

This isn't a leak -- this is giving the list to an external caller, who is responsible to free the list. This follows suit with other libxl_device_.*_list() functions, which must free() the return value themselves. (See e.g., libxl_device_pci_list(), libxl_device_pci_assignable_list(), libxl_device_nic_list(), &c.)

Thanks,
 -George


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