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xen-changelog

[Xen-changelog] Simplify the logic of each of the functions here, removi

To: xen-changelog@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Subject: [Xen-changelog] Simplify the logic of each of the functions here, removing the many bizarre
From: Xen patchbot -unstable <patchbot-unstable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Date: Fri, 18 Nov 2005 20:14:12 +0000
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# HG changeset patch
# User emellor@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
# Node ID 34d9095e79e3b2be96c5f811ffa5b9992cce9bf4
# Parent  80e393599413fdcd38b1e438042e22d218bec272
Simplify the logic of each of the functions here, removing the many bizarre
uses of goto that reduce down to return NULL in any case, breaking the common
code out for returning values based upon the success or failure of an
operation, and the common code that parses transaction and path parameters,
used by xspy_read, xspy_ls, and xspy_mkdir.  Break out also the common code
that removes a watch token from the XsHandle watches list.

Use bool rather than int for result values, where this matches the same use
by tools/xenstore/xs.c.

Added missing free in xspy_get_permissions.

Use PySequence_SetItem inside xs_watch, rather than Py_INCREF followed by
PyList_SetItem.  If there is no None entry in the watches list, the code goes
on to append to the list using PyList_Append, and that call takes its own
reference rather than stealing one like PyList_SetItem.  This means that we
were previously leaking a reference if the list was full and so PyList_Append
was necessary.

Use PySequence_SetItem rather than Py_INCREF/PyList_SetItem also where we are
using assigning Py_None into the list, for neatness.

Remove meaningless pipe from xspy_release_domain's arg_spec.

Signed-off-by: Ewan Mellor <ewan@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>

diff -r 80e393599413 -r 34d9095e79e3 tools/python/xen/lowlevel/xs/xs.c
--- a/tools/python/xen/lowlevel/xs/xs.c Thu Nov 17 11:59:58 2005
+++ b/tools/python/xen/lowlevel/xs/xs.c Thu Nov 17 19:17:50 2005
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 
 #include <Python.h>
 
+#include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -70,6 +71,17 @@
             : PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError));
 }
 
+static void remove_watch(XsHandle *xsh, PyObject *token);
+
+static PyObject *none(bool result);
+
+static int parse_transaction_path(PyObject *self, PyObject *args,
+                                  PyObject *kwds,
+                                  struct xs_handle **xh,
+                                  struct xs_transaction_handle **th,
+                                  char **path);
+
+
 #define xspy_read_doc "\n"                     \
        "Read data from a path.\n"              \
        " path [string]: xenstore path\n"       \
@@ -81,42 +93,29 @@
 
 static PyObject *xspy_read(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
 {
-    static char *kwd_spec[] = { "transaction", "path", NULL };
-    static char *arg_spec = "ss";
-    char *path = NULL;
-
-    struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    char *xsval = NULL;
-    unsigned int xsval_n = 0;
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-
+    struct xs_handle *xh;
     struct xs_transaction_handle *th;
-    char *thstr;
-
-    if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
-    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
-                                     &thstr, &path))
-        goto exit;
-
-    th = (struct xs_transaction_handle *)strtoul(thstr, NULL, 16);
+    char *path;
+
+    char *xsval;
+    unsigned int xsval_n;
+
+    if (!parse_transaction_path(self, args, kwds, &xh, &th, &path))
+        return NULL;
 
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     xsval = xs_read(xh, th, path, &xsval_n);
     Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval) {
-        if (errno == ENOENT) {
-            Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-            val = Py_None;
-        } else
-            PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        goto exit;
-    }
-    val = PyString_FromStringAndSize(xsval, xsval_n);
- exit:
-    free(xsval);
-    return val;
-}
+    if (xsval) {
+        PyObject *val = PyString_FromStringAndSize(xsval, xsval_n);
+        free(xsval);
+        return val;
+    }
+    else {
+        return none(errno == ENOENT);
+    }
+}
+
 
 #define xspy_write_doc "\n"                                    \
        "Write data to a path.\n"                               \
@@ -136,32 +135,26 @@
     int data_n = 0;
 
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-    int xsval = 0;
+    bool result;
 
     struct xs_transaction_handle *th;
     char *thstr;
 
     if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
     if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
                                      &thstr, &path, &data, &data_n))
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
 
     th = (struct xs_transaction_handle *)strtoul(thstr, NULL, 16);
 
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-    xsval = xs_write(xh, th, path, data, data_n);
-    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval) {
-        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        goto exit;
-    }
-    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-    val = Py_None;
- exit:
-    return val;
-}
+    result = xs_write(xh, th, path, data, data_n);
+    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+    return none(result);
+}
+
 
 #define xspy_ls_doc "\n"                                       \
        "List a directory.\n"                                   \
@@ -174,46 +167,33 @@
 
 static PyObject *xspy_ls(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
 {
-    static char *kwd_spec[] = { "transaction", "path", NULL };
-    static char *arg_spec = "ss";
-    char *path = NULL;
-
-    struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-    char **xsval = NULL;
-    unsigned int xsval_n = 0;
-    int i;
-
+    struct xs_handle *xh;
     struct xs_transaction_handle *th;
-    char *thstr;
-
-    if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
-    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
-                                     &thstr, &path))
-        goto exit;
-
-
-    th = (struct xs_transaction_handle *)strtoul(thstr, NULL, 16);
+    char *path;
+
+    char **xsval;
+    int xsval_n;
+
+    if (!parse_transaction_path(self, args, kwds, &xh, &th, &path))
+        return NULL;
 
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     xsval = xs_directory(xh, th, path, &xsval_n);
     Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval) {
-        if (errno == ENOENT) {
-            Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-            val = Py_None;
-        } else
-            PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-       goto exit;
-    }
-    val = PyList_New(xsval_n);
-    for (i = 0; i < xsval_n; i++)
-        PyList_SetItem(val, i, PyString_FromString(xsval[i]));
-    free(xsval);
- exit:
-    return val;
-}
+
+    if (xsval) {
+        int i;
+        PyObject *val = PyList_New(xsval_n);
+        for (i = 0; i < xsval_n; i++)
+            PyList_SetItem(val, i, PyString_FromString(xsval[i]));
+        free(xsval);
+        return val;
+    }
+    else {
+        return none(errno == ENOENT);
+    }
+}
+
 
 #define xspy_mkdir_doc "\n"                                    \
        "Make a directory.\n"                                   \
@@ -225,37 +205,22 @@
 
 static PyObject *xspy_mkdir(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
 {
-    static char *kwd_spec[] = { "transaction", "path", NULL };
-    static char *arg_spec = "ss";
-    char *path = NULL;
-
-    struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-    int xsval = 0;
-
+    struct xs_handle *xh;
     struct xs_transaction_handle *th;
-    char *thstr;
-
-    if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
-    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
-                                     &thstr, &path))
-        goto exit;
-
-    th = (struct xs_transaction_handle *)strtoul(thstr, NULL, 16);
-
-    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-    xsval = xs_mkdir(xh, th, path);
-    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval) {
-        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        goto exit;
-    }
-    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-    val = Py_None;
- exit:
-    return val;
-}
+    char *path;
+
+    bool result;
+
+    if (!parse_transaction_path(self, args, kwds, &xh, &th, &path))
+        return NULL;
+
+    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+    result = xs_mkdir(xh, th, path);
+    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+    return none(result);
+}
+
 
 #define xspy_rm_doc "\n"                       \
        "Remove a path.\n"                      \
@@ -267,37 +232,22 @@
 
 static PyObject *xspy_rm(PyObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
 {
-    static char *kwd_spec[] = { "transaction", "path", NULL };
-    static char *arg_spec = "ss";
-    char *path = NULL;
-
-    struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-    int xsval = 0;
-
+    struct xs_handle *xh;
     struct xs_transaction_handle *th;
-    char *thstr;
-
-    if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
-    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
-                                     &thstr, &path))
-        goto exit;
-
-    th = (struct xs_transaction_handle *)strtoul(thstr, NULL, 16);
-
-    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-    xsval = xs_rm(xh, th, path);
-    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval && errno != ENOENT) {
-        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        goto exit;
-    }
-    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-    val = Py_None;
- exit:
-    return val;
-}
+    char *path;
+
+    bool result;
+
+    if (!parse_transaction_path(self, args, kwds, &xh, &th, &path))
+        return NULL;
+
+    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+    result = xs_rm(xh, th, path);
+    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+    return none(result || errno == ENOENT);
+}
+
 
 #define xspy_get_permissions_doc "\n"          \
        "Get the permissions for a path\n"      \
@@ -315,7 +265,6 @@
     char *path = NULL;
 
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
     struct xs_permissions *perms;
     unsigned int perms_n = 0;
     int i;
@@ -324,30 +273,34 @@
     char *thstr;
 
     if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
     if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
                                      &thstr, &path))
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
 
     th = (struct xs_transaction_handle *)strtoul(thstr, NULL, 16);
 
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     perms = xs_get_permissions(xh, th, path, &perms_n);
     Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!perms) {
+
+    if (perms) {
+        PyObject *val = PyList_New(perms_n);
+        for (i = 0; i < perms_n; i++, perms++) {
+            PyObject *p = Py_BuildValue("{s:i,s:i,s:i}",
+                                        "dom",  perms->id,
+                                        "read", perms->perms & XS_PERM_READ,
+                                        "write",perms->perms & XS_PERM_WRITE);
+            PyList_SetItem(val, i, p);
+        }
+
+        free(perms);
+        return val;
+    }
+    else {
         PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        goto exit;
-    }
-    val = PyList_New(perms_n);
-    for (i = 0; i < perms_n; i++, perms++) {
-        PyObject *p = Py_BuildValue("{s:i,s:i,s:i}",
-                                    "dom",   perms->id,
-                                    "read",  (perms->perms & XS_PERM_READ),
-                                    "write",  (perms->perms & XS_PERM_WRITE));
-        PyList_SetItem(val, i, p);
-    }
- exit:
-    return val;
+        return NULL;
+    }
 }
 
 #define xspy_set_permissions_doc "\n"          \
@@ -370,7 +323,7 @@
     static char *perm_spec = "i|iiii";
 
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    int i, xsval;
+    int i, result;
     struct xs_permissions *xsperms = NULL;
     int xsperms_n = 0;
     PyObject *tuple0 = NULL;
@@ -416,9 +369,9 @@
             xsperms[i].perms |= XS_PERM_WRITE;
     }
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-    xsval = xs_set_permissions(xh, th, path, xsperms, xsperms_n);
-    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval) {
+    result = xs_set_permissions(xh, th, path, xsperms, xsperms_n);
+    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+    if (!result) {
         PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
         goto exit;
     }
@@ -453,7 +406,7 @@
 
     XsHandle *xsh = (XsHandle *)self;
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    int xsval = 0;
+    int result = 0;
 
     if (!xh)
         return NULL;
@@ -466,10 +419,9 @@
        races with xs_read_watch.
     */
 
-    Py_INCREF(token);
     for (i = 0; i < PyList_Size(xsh->watches); i++) {
         if (PyList_GetItem(xsh->watches, i) == Py_None) {
-            PyList_SetItem(xsh->watches, i, token);
+            PySequence_SetItem(xsh->watches, i, token);
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -478,24 +430,15 @@
 
     sprintf(token_str, "%li", (unsigned long)token);
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-    xsval = xs_watch(xh, path, token_str);
-    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval) {
-        for (i = 0; i < PyList_Size(xsh->watches); i++) {
-            if (PyList_GetItem(xsh->watches, i) == token) {
-                Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-                PyList_SetItem(xsh->watches, i,  Py_None);
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-    return Py_None;
-}
+    result = xs_watch(xh, path, token_str);
+    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+    if (!result)
+        remove_watch(xsh, token);
+
+    return none(result);
+}
+
 
 #define xspy_read_watch_doc "\n"                               \
        "Read a watch notification.\n"                          \
@@ -519,9 +462,10 @@
     unsigned int num;
 
     if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
     if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec))
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
+
 again:
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     xsval = xs_read_watch(xh, &num);
@@ -570,37 +514,25 @@
     char *path = NULL;
     PyObject *token;
     char token_str[MAX_STRLEN(unsigned long) + 1];
-    int i;
 
     XsHandle *xsh = (XsHandle *)self;
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-    int xsval = 0;
-
-    if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
+    int result = 0;
+
+    if (!xh)
+        return NULL;
     if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec, &path,
                                      &token))
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
+
     sprintf(token_str, "%li", (unsigned long)token);
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-    xsval = xs_unwatch(xh, path, token_str);
-    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval)
-        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-    else {
-        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-        val = Py_None;
-    }
-    for (i = 0; i < PyList_Size(xsh->watches); i++) {
-        if (token == PyList_GetItem(xsh->watches, i)) {
-            Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-            PyList_SetItem(xsh->watches, i, Py_None);
-            break;
-        }
-    }
- exit:
-    return val;
+    result = xs_unwatch(xh, path, token_str);
+    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+    remove_watch(xsh, token);
+
+    return none(result);
 }
 
 #define xspy_transaction_start_doc "\n"                                \
@@ -618,26 +550,25 @@
     char *path = NULL;
 
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
     struct xs_transaction_handle *th;
     char thstr[20];
 
     if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
     if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec, &path))
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
+
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     th = xs_transaction_start(xh);
     Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
     if (th == NULL) {
         PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
     }
 
     sprintf(thstr, "%lX", (unsigned long)th);
-    val = PyString_FromString(thstr);
- exit:
-    return val;
+    return PyString_FromString(thstr);
 }
 
 #define xspy_transaction_end_doc "\n"                                  \
@@ -657,37 +588,37 @@
     int abort = 0;
 
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-    int xsval = 0;
+    bool result;
 
     struct xs_transaction_handle *th;
     char *thstr;
 
     if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
     if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
                                      &thstr, &abort))
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
 
     th = (struct xs_transaction_handle *)strtoul(thstr, NULL, 16);
 
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-    xsval = xs_transaction_end(xh, th, abort);
-    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval) {
-       if (errno == EAGAIN) {
-           Py_INCREF(Py_False);
-           val = Py_False;
-           goto exit;
-       }
+    result = xs_transaction_end(xh, th, abort);
+    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+    if (result) {
+        Py_INCREF(Py_True);
+        return Py_True;
+    }
+    else if (errno == EAGAIN) {
+        Py_INCREF(Py_False);
+        return Py_False;
+    }
+    else {
         PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        goto exit;
-    }
-    Py_INCREF(Py_True);
-    val = Py_True;
- exit:
-    return val;
-}
+        return NULL;
+    }
+}
+
 
 #define xspy_introduce_domain_doc "\n"                                 \
        "Tell xenstore about a domain so it can talk to it.\n"          \
@@ -709,26 +640,21 @@
     unsigned int port = 0;
 
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-    int xsval = 0;
-
-    if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
+    bool result = 0;
+
+    if (!xh)
+        return NULL;
     if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
                                      &dom, &page, &port))
-        goto exit;
-    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-    xsval = xs_introduce_domain(xh, dom, page, port);
-    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval) {
-        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        goto exit;
-    }
-    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-    val = Py_None;
- exit:
-    return val;
-}
+        return NULL;
+
+    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+    result = xs_introduce_domain(xh, dom, page, port);
+    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+    return none(result);
+}
+
 
 #define xspy_release_domain_doc "\n"                                   \
        "Tell xenstore to release its channel to a domain.\n"           \
@@ -743,30 +669,25 @@
                                      PyObject *kwds)
 {
     static char *kwd_spec[] = { "dom", NULL };
-    static char *arg_spec = "i|";
+    static char *arg_spec = "i";
     domid_t dom;
 
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-    int xsval = 0;
-
-    if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
+    bool result = 0;
+
+    if (!xh)
+        return NULL;
     if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
                                      &dom))
-        goto exit;
-    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
-    xsval = xs_release_domain(xh, dom);
-    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval) {
-        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        goto exit;
-    }
-    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-    val = Py_None;
- exit:
-    return val;
-}
+        return NULL;
+
+    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
+    result = xs_release_domain(xh, dom);
+    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
+
+    return none(result);
+}
+
 
 #define xspy_close_doc "\n"                    \
        "Close the connection to xenstore.\n"   \
@@ -783,24 +704,24 @@
 
     XsHandle *xsh = (XsHandle *)self;
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-
-    if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
+
+    if (!xh)
+        return NULL;
     if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec))
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
+
     for (i = 0; i < PyList_Size(xsh->watches); i++) {
         /* TODO: xs_unwatch watches */
-        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-        PyList_SetItem(xsh->watches, i, Py_None);
-    }
+        PySequence_SetItem(xsh->watches, i, Py_None);
+    }
+
     xs_daemon_close(xh);
     xsh->xh = NULL;
+
     Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-    val = Py_None;
- exit:
-    return val;
-}
+    return Py_None;
+}
+
 
 #define xspy_get_domain_path_doc "\n"                  \
        "Return store path of domain, whether or not the domain exists.\n" \
@@ -819,29 +740,90 @@
 
     struct xs_handle *xh = xshandle(self);
     char *xsval = NULL;
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-
-    if (!xh)
-        goto exit;
+
+    if (!xh)
+        return NULL;
     if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
                                      &domid))
-        goto exit;
+        return NULL;
+
     Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
     xsval = xs_get_domain_path(xh, domid);
     Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
-    if (!xsval) {
-        if (errno == ENOENT) {
-            Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-            val = Py_None;
-        } else
-            PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
-        goto exit;
-    }
-    val = PyString_FromString(xsval);
-    free(xsval);
- exit:
-    return val;
-}
+
+    if (xsval) {
+        PyObject *val = PyString_FromString(xsval);
+        free(xsval);
+        return val;
+    }
+    else {
+        return none(errno == ENOENT);
+    }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Remove the given token from the watches list belonging to the given
+ * XsHandle, if present.
+ */
+static void remove_watch(XsHandle *xsh, PyObject *token)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < PyList_Size(xsh->watches); i++) {
+        if (PyList_GetItem(xsh->watches, i) == token) {
+            PySequence_SetItem(xsh->watches, i, Py_None);
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Parse transaction and path arguments from the given args and kwds,
+ * convert the given self value to an xs_handle, and return all three by
+ * reference.
+ * 
+ * @return 1 on success, in which case *xh, *th, and *path are valid, or 0 on
+ * failure.
+ */
+static int parse_transaction_path(PyObject *self, PyObject *args,
+                                  PyObject *kwds,
+                                  struct xs_handle **xh,
+                                  struct xs_transaction_handle **th,
+                                  char **path)
+{
+    static char *arg_spec = "ss";
+    static char *kwd_spec[] = { "transaction", "path", NULL };
+    char *thstr;
+
+    *xh = xshandle(self);
+
+    if (!xh)
+        return 0;
+
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, arg_spec, kwd_spec,
+                                     &thstr, path))
+        return 0;
+
+    *th = (struct xs_transaction_handle *)strtoul(thstr, NULL, 16);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+static PyObject *none(bool result)
+{
+    if (result) {
+        Py_INCREF(Py_None);
+        return Py_None;
+    }
+    else {
+        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_RuntimeError);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+}
+
 
 #define XSPY_METH(_name) {                     \
     .ml_name  = #_name,                                \
@@ -871,9 +853,7 @@
 
 static PyObject *xshandle_getattr(PyObject *self, char *name)
 {
-    PyObject *val = NULL;
-    val = Py_FindMethod(xshandle_methods, self, name);
-    return val;
+    return Py_FindMethod(xshandle_methods, self, name);
 }
 
 static void xshandle_dealloc(PyObject *self)

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